Skip to content

Lock a PDF with a Password – AES-256 Encryption

Add a password to any PDF so only people who know it can open the file. Encryption uses AES-256 and runs in your browser, so neither the PDF nor the password is sent anywhere.

How to password protect a PDF

  1. Add your PDF. Drop it onto the box above, or tap to choose a file.
  2. Choose a password. Type it in Password to open the PDF, then type it again in Type the password again. Use the eye button to check what you typed, and watch the strength meter.
  3. Set permissions (optional). Switch off Allow printing, Allow copying text and images or Allow editing if readers shouldn't do those things. Switch on Set a separate permissions password if you want to be able to change them later.
  4. Press Lock PDF, then download your locked copy with Download PDF.

Features

  • AES-256 encryption, the strongest method in the PDF standard, for the whole file: pages, text, images and attachments.
  • Open password with a confirmation box, so a typing mistake doesn't lock you out.
  • Strength meter that flags short, repetitive and very common passwords.
  • Show or hide each password with one tap.
  • Optional restrictions on printing, copying and editing.
  • Optional permissions password, separate from the open password.
  • File size before and after, so you can see the locked file is about the same size as the original.
  • Your original stays unchanged. You download a new copy with -locked added to its name.

Why use Fileora to lock a PDF

Most online PDF lockers ask you to upload the document and type the password into a web form, which means a stranger's server briefly holds both the file and the key to it. That defeats the point for exactly the documents you most want to protect: bank statements, payslips, contracts, medical reports and identity scans.

Fileora does the job in your browser instead. When you press Lock PDF, a copy of qpdf, a widely used open-source PDF toolkit, is loaded into the page as WebAssembly and encrypts the file on your device. Nothing is uploaded, nothing is stored, and there's no account, watermark or daily limit. It works on phones and tablets as well as computers.

If you're sending the file by email, it's often worth making it smaller first with compress PDF, or combining several documents into one with merge PDF, and locking the finished file last.

Choosing a password that holds up

AES-256 itself isn't going to be broken. What attackers do instead is guess the password, trying common passwords, dictionary words, names and dates at very high speed on a copy of the file. So the length and unpredictability of your password decide how safe the PDF really is.

  • Go long. Twelve characters is a sensible minimum; a phrase of four or five unrelated words is both strong and easy to type.
  • Avoid the obvious. Names, birthdays, phone numbers, the company name and keyboard patterns like qwerty are the first things guessed.
  • Use a new password. Don't reuse one from an email or bank account.
  • Send it separately. If you email the PDF, share the password by phone, text message or in person, not in the same email.

Permissions and the permissions password

The PDF standard lets a document carry permissions for printing, copying and editing. These are honoured by PDF readers rather than enforced by the encryption: someone who can open the file with a reader that ignores the rules can still print or copy it. Use them to discourage casual copying or accidental edits, not to protect secrets.

Switching off Allow editing also stops page changes, form filling and comments in readers that respect it. If you turn on the permissions password, keep it different from the open password; the tool will remind you if they match.

Good to know

Keep an unlocked original in a safe place, because a forgotten password can't be reset. If the PDF has a digital signature, locking it rewrites the file, so the old signature will no longer validate; lock first and sign afterwards. To take the password off again later, use unlock PDF with the password you set.

Frequently asked questions

How do I password protect a PDF?

Add your PDF, type the password you want in Password to open the PDF, type it again in the second box, and press Lock PDF. Download the locked copy when it's ready. Anyone opening that copy will be asked for the password.

How secure is the encryption?

The PDF is encrypted with AES-256, the strongest encryption the PDF standard offers. In practice the weak point is the password, not the cipher: a short or common password can be guessed by software that tries millions of passwords, while a long one with several unrelated words is out of reach. The strength meter under the password field gives you a rough guide.

Can you recover my password if I forget it?

No. The password is used only inside your browser and is never sent to us, so we have no copy of it, and there is no back door in the encryption. Store the password somewhere safe, such as a password manager, and keep your original unlocked file.

Do the print, copy and edit restrictions really stop people?

Not on their own. Permissions are stored in the PDF as instructions, and PDF readers are expected to follow them. Adobe Acrobat Reader and most mainstream apps do, but some programs ignore them. Treat them as a polite request. Only the open password keeps people out of the file.

What is the permissions password?

It's a second password, often called the owner password, which lets someone change the permissions later. If you don't set one, a long random password is used instead, so nobody can lift the restrictions by typing a password. The permissions password also opens the file.

Will the locked PDF open on phones and other computers?

Yes, in any up-to-date PDF reader, including Adobe Acrobat Reader, the viewers built into current web browsers, and the standard apps on phones and tablets. Very old readers from before AES-256 was added to the PDF standard can't open it.

Can I lock a PDF that already has a password?

Not directly. If the PDF already needs a password to open, remove it first with Unlock PDF, then lock the unlocked copy with your new password. A PDF that opens freely but has restrictions can be locked straight away, and your new settings replace the old ones.

Is my PDF uploaded to a server?

No. The encryption engine is downloaded to your browser and runs there. Your PDF and your password stay on your device, and the locked copy is created on your device too.

Can't find the tool you need, or something isn't working?

Tell us which tool you'd like next or what went wrong. We read every message, and requests decide what we build next.

Opens your email app. Please don't attach private files.